Tuesday, December 31, 2019

The Rise and Fall of Juliet and Her Romeo - 1250 Words

There is no story quite as well-known as that of Romeo and Juliet (2007) and its playwright, William Shakespeare. Each line was placed intentionally, twists in the plot were well versed and foreshadowed, and each word was meaningful to the story and the development of the characters. Shakespeare had the unquestionable ability to take a story and, using techniques like imagery, metaphors and foreshadowing, was able to transform this narrative into a dramatic piece of literature. Dramas reenact stories with dialogue, soliloquies, asides and gestures, Shakespeare works with these different mediums to turn the story of Romeo and Juliet into a tragedy. Act III Scene III of Romeo and Juliet play a critical role in the progression of the†¦show more content†¦The Friar is a voice of reason to Romeo when Romeo confides his fears in the older man. Friar: Thou fond mad man, hear me a little speak. Romeo: Oh, thou wilt speak again of banishment. Friar: I’ll give the armor to keep off that word, Adversity’s sweet milk, philosophy, To comfort thee, thou art banished Romeo: Yet â€Å"banished†? Hand up philosophy! Unless philosophy can make a Juliet, Displant a town, reverse a prince’s doom, It helps not, it prevails not. Talk no more. Friar: Oh, then I see that madmen have no ears (3.3.52-56). Romeo is being unreasonable and is not thinking clearly. He is acting petty and childlike and the Friar has to make him see reason. The dialogue in the previous quote represents the Friar’s philosophic thinking and his attempts to calm Romeo and find the best course of action. The adult personas were needed to contrast Romeo and Juliet’s childlike attitudes. They balance out the impulsive actions conducted by the younger two. In a publication by William B. Toole titled, The Nurse’s â€Å"Vast Irrelevance†: Thematic Foreshadowing in â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†, he discusses Romeo’s reaction to the banishment: â€Å"Romeo’s first reaction to adversity calls attention to a flaw which will contribute to his and Juliet’s tragedy as he displays the immoderate passion which the Friar has warned him against,† (Toole 23). Shakespeare displays theShow MoreRelatedEssay about Haste and Impulse in Romeo and Juliet1608 Words   |  7 PagesMost people think that coincidence is the main cause for the character’s severe misfortune in Shakespeare’s Romeo an d Juliet, but in reality, it is impulse and the inability to control one’s passion that account for the large amount of calamity in this tragedy’s plot line. Haste and passion are evident flaws in many of the character’s personalities. At one point in time, Romeo, Tybalt, Capulet, Friar Lawrence make a decision on impulse. Many of these decisions are also made when the character isRead MoreShakespeares Use of Imagery and Symbolism to Create Dramatic Tension in Romeo and Juliet1606 Words   |  7 Pagesand Symbolism to Create Dramatic Tension in Romeo and Juliet William Shakespeares play Romeo and Juliet is set in 16th Century Verona. It concerns two main characters, Romeo and Juliet, and their fight to keep their love and themselves alive. Romeo and Juliet are the only children of two feuding aristocratic families, the Capulets and the Montagues. At a party held by Lord Capulet, the two meet and instantaneously fall in love. Throughout the rest of the playRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1059 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"If love be rough with you, be rough with love† (1.4 27). Words of Mercutio, a supporting character. Romeo Juliet by William Shakespeare, an award winning play, depicts the story of a pair of star crossed lovers. Death one of the main themes, announced during the prologue, occurs many times throughout this play. Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet, children of two different houses, fall into a deep love for each other that eventually plummets them to their demise. Shakespeare treats death as a punishmentRead More Romeo as a Tragic Hero Essay1536 Words   |  7 Pagesworld for centuries. Tragedy often giving rise to feelings of depression, anger, sorrow, and guilt. Romeo, in the tragedy, Romeo and Juliet, is a wealthy adolescent of the Montague family. He falls in love with young Juliet, of his rival family—the Capulets. Romeo’s infatuation with Jul iet leads to a hasty desire for marriage. This creates a rash and careless mindset, making Romeo susceptible to errors in judgement. This same poor judgment causes Romeo to thoughtlessly slay Tybalt, as revengeRead MoreEssay on Parent, Child with Learning Disorders1341 Words   |  6 PagesShakespeare creates dramatic tension at the lovers’ first meeting in Act 1 Scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet. How easy is it to relate to them? Act 1 Scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet is one of the most important scenes in the play because it is the scene where Romeo and Juliet first meet. The play is fundamentally about two families: the Montague’s and the Capulet’s. It is during Act 1 Scene 5 where they first fall in love; however, they’re unaware that they are from their rival families, which createsRead More The Nurse and Friar Laurence are responsible for Romeo and Juliets death1698 Words   |  7 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In Shakespeare’s play Romeo and Juliet the characters Nurse and Friar Laurence are to blame for Romeo and Juliet’s Problems. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The way Friar Laurence encouraged Romeo and Juliet to get Married, The way the Nurse is contradictory in her views of Romeo and Paris, When Friar Laurence secretly married them, the way the Nurse is secretive about the affair and does not tell the Capulet’s or the Montague’s, when Laurence gave Juliet the sleeping potion, the way LaurenceRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1671 Words   |  7 PagesNames play an important role in Romeo and Juliet, as names are what define the sides of the feuding families within the play. Not only does Shakespeare name his characters well, but he also uses different methods of naming throughout the play that references back to specific characters. Within Romeo and Juliet, however, Shakespeare’s methods of naming take on a form that indicates language as key and the two lovers are driven back towards the culture of their fictional world of Verona. ShakespeareRead MoreAct 1 Scene 3 Of William Sh akespeare s Romeo And Juliet1704 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout the play ‘Romeo and Juliet’ the Nurse is presented as a requirement. Shakespeare incorporates the Nurse into almost every scene to ensure she is portrayed as so. Her role ultimately results in the tragedy and death of Romeo and Juliet. I will be discussing the different ways in which she is portrayed in the play and both film adaptions. In the play the Nurse is perceived as the only real maternal figure in Juliet’s life. This is most evident in Act 1 Scene 3 of ‘Romeo and Juliet’ when she isRead MoreFate And Free Will : William Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1301 Words   |  6 PagesSuch thoughts come into play throughout various acts and scenes of Shakespeare s Romeo and Juliet. Shakespeare’s play often strongly suggests that Romeo and Juliet’s relationship is built upon fate and free-will. There are many critics who argue fate is what makes up this play in its entirety due to the various fate related ideas evoked throughout it. Although fate does indeed play some roles in the shaping of Romeo and Juliet’s relationship, overall, it is free-will that plays a much greater roleRead MoreIsolation And Its Effects Solitude, Isolation Are Painful Things, And Beyond Human Endurance Essay1224 Words   |  5 Pagesplay entitled Romeo and Juliet, and street poet and philosopher Mar shall Bruce Mathers III’s life. The individuals in these stories experience extreme measures of isolation. Among all the results of staying cloistered for a long period of time, two have stood out, which are: how a person’s mind and body can function in bizarre ways and how one human being’s actions can be unorthodox. Romeo and his wife, Juliet in the play suffer isolation in different criterias and extent. Romeo is isolated by

Monday, December 23, 2019

Rhetorical Analysis Seeing And Making Culture - 1053 Words

Instr. Sarah McMahon Evelyn O’Brien Eng 122 8/30/15 Rhetorical Analysis I liked bell hook’s essay â€Å"Seeing and Making Culture: Representing the Poor†. Bell assesses the light in which higher class people view the poor or lower class. Bell hooks, also known as Gloria Watkins grew up in a small Kentucky town where her father worked as a janitor for the local post office. As one of seven children she was taught that money and material possessions did not make her a better person but hard-work honesty and selflessness determined character. Her hard work landed her acceptance into Stanford University. Although she received various scholarships and loans, her parents worried that she would not have enough for books and supplies or emergency funds. Regardless of this, belle went on to earn a Ph.D. Her experiences and education earned her a very good reputation and even an authority writing critiques on popular culture and diversity (hooks 431-432). She uses ideas in her essay â€Å"Seeing and Making Culture: Representing the Poor†, tha t stem from her own personal experiences with poverty to add credibility to her writing, as well as examples from pop culture and mass media to demonstrate how these representations portray the lower class in ways that radiate negative stereotypes. She wrote the essay because she saw how the poor had many assumptions made about them. It wasn’t until college thought that she made that discovery. She discovered how unjustly they were represented due to theShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis : Seeing And Making Culture907 Words   |  4 PagesRhetorical Analysis: Seeing and Making Culture In ‘Seeing and Making Culture: Representing the Poor’ by Bell Hooks, issues involving the poor and the rich in the society are brought to light. Hooks addresses issues such as how the poor are viewed in the community, common assumptions about the poor, and how the poor are represented in the media. In her analysis, it is evident that those living in poverty are grossly misrepresented. This misrepresentation affects these people’s daily lives. Hooks firstRead MoreAnalyzing The New Techniques I Have Learned As A College Student Writer960 Words   |  4 Pageshave learned as a college student writer, the themes of culture and language, ethical appeal and researching. You most likely have no idea what any of these projects and assignments are about, or what they consist of. This brief description is to help you understand, and it is brief because I don t want to overwrite and confuse you or anything. The first paper we wrote in class was the Language Analysis. I wrote in class was the Language Analysis. The paper depended on particular dialect we addressRead MoreUnderstanding Of Society s Portrayal Of The Poor1565 Words   |  7 Pages Emily,Vanessa,David Rhet 105-11am A Current Understanding of Society’s Portrayal of the Poor In this analysis we will be focusing on bell hooks’ essay, â€Å"Seeing and Making Culture: Representing the Poor.† In the essay bell hooks tackles issues about misrepresentation of poor people in today’s society and how the media can skew reality. She notes that society sees the poor as people who are sub par and unimportant, as well as possessing fruitless qualities such as laziness, shameRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Disneys Frozen1219 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis: Disney’s Frozen Walt Disney Productions prestige is to never disappoint and their latest movie Frozen, is no exception. The movie centers around the lives of two sisters, kind-hearted Anna and the frightened Snow Queen Elsa. Fearless Anna sets off on a journey to find her sister, who flees to an icy mountain after she accidentally traps the kingdom of Arendelle in an eternal winter with her ice powers. Disney’s 2013 animated film reeled in its target audience and more; the filmRead MoreRhetorical Analysis1700 Words   |  7 PagesThe Squint and the Wail Rhetorical Analysis â€Å"The Squint and the Wail† is an essay by Michael Hsu. Hsu, a Taiwanese American author and editor, wrote this essay in order to express his views on the negative connotations that occur with some of the racially charged objects present in society. More specifically, the essay deals with the stereotypical nature of The Chin Family. The Chin Family is the name of Stefano Giovannoni’s tabletop collection, which includes salt and pepper shakers that haveRead MoreRhetorical Analysis on Deborah Tannens Argument Culture1247 Words   |  5 PagesMeant!: How Conversational Style Makes or Breaks Relationship (1986), Talking from 9 to 5: How Women’s and Men’s Conversational Styles Affect Who Gets Heard (1994), The Argument Culture: Moving from Debate to Dialogue(1998), and I Only Say This Because I Love You (2001). In an essay from the book, The Argument Culture: Moving from Debate to Dialouge, Tannen discusses the controversy in the world when it comes to communication. Tannen focuses this essay on the way that society has used adversarialRead MoreThe Girl With The Dragon Tattoo Analysis1744 Words   |  7 PagesProfessor’s name: Course name: Date of Submission: The Portrayal of Women On the surface of the novel, â€Å"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo† is a simple uncomplicated thriller, but at a deeper level, the novel is a complex and in-depth examination and analysis of the violent abuse against women in Sweden, particularly concentrating on the distorted and rather warped philosophies as well as the failure of the government that permit and accentuate such acts. More importantly, the novel plays the importantRead MoreOur Conversation About the Bible Essay examples1479 Words   |  6 PagesPrologue It all started with a conversation, no†¦an argument, no†¦a debate, no†¦a conversation. The conversation was with a friend over a topic that is a deeply contentious issue in our current culture. We disagreed. I have a fairly diverse friend-group so these types of arguments conversations happen quite often. What made this conversation unique was that our disagreement was not political in nature but biblical. In short, he thought the Bible was clear about this particular thing. I was less thanRead More Robert Pirsigs Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance Essay5286 Words   |  22 Pagesan awareness and acceptance of how our emotions and values shape our experiences. Further, he shows that technology, a manifestation of our values, may be controlled only through emotional and moral commitment. A restorative rhetoric, on Pirsigs analysis is, then, one in which the passions and values are recognized as the very ground of being in and interpreting the world. The crisis of reason As he begins his Chautauqua, Robert Pirsig finds himself in a twofold crisis. He characterizesRead More The Relationship of Photographs, History, and Memory Essay5378 Words   |  22 Pagesthat of her family and friends. The result is a complex visual experience that addresses the use of images in producing knowledge and making history. Photographs are re-collections of the past. This essay is about photography, memory, and history and addresses the relationship between photographic images and the need to remember; it is based on the notion that seeing is a prelude to historical knowledge and that understanding the past relies on the ability to imagine. At the same time, the role

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Silver Ships Free Essays

Silver Ships Facilities Silver Ships is located on 16 acres in Theodore, Alabama just South of Mobile on Bellingrath Road. After moving into a 15,000 square foot building in 1996, they soon after expanded a second time. Since then, they have added over 12,000 square feet of additional production space and they have built additional office spaces. We will write a custom essay sample on Silver Ships or any similar topic only for you Order Now All aspects of the vessel construction, from the custom design to the final assembly, are conducted in an enclosed production facilities and the location gives the company convenient access to Mobile Bay, where it conducts extensive sea trials. Silver Ships uses state of the art welding equipment and laser cut parts in the construction of our aluminum boats. History Silver Ships, Inc. was founded by Mike McCarty after a successful career in the commercial fishing industry in 1985; it was originally intended to be a small scale operation but eventually grew. In 1988, Silver Ships began using computer automated design (CAD), which expanded its capabilities as a boat design company. In 1990, Silver Ships built its first aluminum rigid hulled inflatable boat. In 1996, Silver Ships moved its operations to Theodore, Alabama, where it is currently located. In 1997, Silver Ships began contracting for AMBAR Marine, which is currently associated with. In 2000, Silverships purchased Ambar Marine, but due to the factor of name recognition of AMBAR Marine, it chose to keep its name. In 2002, Silver Ships added 12,000 sq ft. of space in order to be able to increase production within the company. Generic Strategy Silver Ships ‚a„? generic strategy involves a narrow, differentiated scope. The company does not try to enter into other markets and focuses on providing aluminum boats for governmental agencies. The way Silver Ships differentiates itself is by providing customizable boats for its customers. SWOT Analysis Strengths Some of Silver Ships ‚a„? strengths include its relationship with customers, maintaining an efficient workspace and an employee-friendly atmosphere. SilverShips employs many ex-military members. This is a definite strength providing a direct channel to military customers. This is helpful in bids on jobs provided by Silver Ships. Secondly, SilverShips work area is efficiently layed out. Currently there are three buildings that provide a flow of work that is not only cost-effective, but also very efficient. This allows for employees to specialize in certain aspects of the boat building process. In addition to the relationships with customers and the efficient workspace provided, Silver Ships also has strong management expertise. All managers and department employees have the experience and skill that is hard to duplicate. Coupled with the employee-friendly environment, that allows employees flexible schedules, allows for an efficient, friendly workplace. Weaknesses In addition to strengths, Silver Ships also has weaknesses. Some of these include location, transportation and size of facilities. Silver Ships is located in south Mobile County in Theodore, AL. The location is very inconvenient for the transportation of boats. The highway it is located on is very narrow and provides difficulty for moving boats to and from customers. Opportunities Silver Ships is located in a growing area. The southern Mobile County area is growing rapidly, and it is expected to move more towards the Theodore area in which SilverShips is located. This can possibly increase the amount of business that is received by Silver Ships and allow for future growth. Threats With Mobile ‚a„? recent acquisitions of companies such as EADS and ThyssenKrupp, Silver Ships may face increased turnover from employees that are relocating to larger companies such as EADS and ThyssenKrupp. Labor Market In the coming years, the labor market in Mobile, AL will become increasingly more competitive. As of now, there are two new, large companies that will be entering the Mobile area and bring with them an esti mated total of 29,000+ construction jobs, 4,200 direct jobs, and 15,000+ spin off jobs. This huge influx in the demand for labor will put a strain on existing companies to retain and attract employees. Alabama Industrial Development and Training (AIDT) should help to provide the Mobile area with a skilled labor force to meet this demand. AIDT was ranked the #1 state sponsored training program by Expansion Management in 2006. They provide training, at no cost, for employers and trainees, and they are fully customizable. AIDT was the first training program in the United States to be ISO 9001:2000 certified for their Quality Management System. They also provide consultation and training for companies that wish to become ISO 9000 certified. How to cite Silver Ships, Papers

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Scholars Researched on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour

Question: Describe about litreature review scholars researched on organizational citizenship behaviour? Answer: Introduction: An account that has been published on a certain topic by scholars is known as Literature Review. Scholars have researched on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) for more than nearly twenty five years. Still this area remains to be very interesting and continues to be the area of interest for the scholars. While the employees are working in the organization, OCB refers to the kind of behaviour shown by the employees (Wieseke, 2006). This literature review details about the scope, nature and meaning of OCB. In this article of review, the different kinds of dimensions of OCB are also explained. The five dimensions given by Organ (1988) is also discussed in this paper. In this paper, references to other dimensions of OCB referred by other scholars have been also explained. Body: When an employee stays in an organization, there are certain behaviour which is expected from him according to the rules and regulations of the organization. Also there are certain behaviour which is abiding on him by the rules and regulations of the organization. However the employees sometimes go beyond the rules and regulations and they perform some extra duties. Such duties are called extra role behaviour as it is over and above the normal duties that he performs for the organization. In 1988, Organ studied the concept of OCB in the US. It is a kind of behaviour for which the employee neither is requested nor is rewarded for. However such behaviour from employee can be beneficial from the point of view of the organization (Smith, Organ Near, 1983). OCB Is important from the perspective of an organization as it cannot survive if the employees do not show their positive behaviour or good citizenship for the sake of organization. For the survival of the organization, OCB is importa nt. OCB can help improve production, coordination among employees, employee recruitment and co-worker engagement. Several studies show that OCB has played a vital role for the growth and enhancement of the organization. OCB can also be known as good soldier syndrome. Employees who are committed to the organization are more likely to exhibit OCB towards the organization. Committed employees are found to be reporting to workplace on time. They are helpful and innovative in nature. Such employees refrain from activities like complaining and finding faults with other employees. Also it should be remembered that OCB is not related to any kind of reward system. But if there is presence of OCB in the organization, then the organization functions well. It also helps to improve the productivity of the organization. According to Organ, there are five different behavioural types of OCB. They are Civic Virtue Sportsmanship Courtesy Altruism Conscientiousness All of these five behavioural types are essential for effective functioning of the organization. Also employees cannot be forcefully demanded to perform OCB. On one hand, they cannot be forcefully asked to show OCB. On the other hand, the employees also should not expect that if they show OCB they would be rewarded for showing it. However one thing should always be kept in mind, that OCB is always noticed by an employer. If an employee exhibits OCB, it never goes unnoticed. His supervisor would note it down and he might be reward directly or indirectly by the organization. An employee exhibiting OCB might get a preferential treatment or a promotional as a reward. Also Organ (1988) has found that this behaviour comes from within or inside of the employee. On the basis of the literature review, OCB can be divided into seven types. They are as follows: 1. When an employee helps others voluntarily it is called the helping behaviour2. When an employee maintains positive attitude and sacrifices his own interests for the sake of the organization, it is known as sportsmanship3. Trying to make a positive image in front of the outsiders as well as being loyal to the organization. This is an example of organization loyalty.4. When an employee obeys and complies to all the rules, procedures and regulations of the organization, he proves to exhibit OCB towards the organization. Such kind of activity is known as organization compliance.5. For the benefit of the organization, the employee need to proactive. When he tries to improve his own work as well as tries to encourage others to do work, it is known as individual initiative.6. When an employee participates in the political membership of the organization, it is known as civic virtue7. In order to contribute more the company, when the employee tries to enhance his knowledge and improve his skills, at that stage he tries to self develop himself for the betterment of himself as well as the organization (Organ, 1997). Five Dimension of Ocb While defining OCB, there are two main approaches. One is the role behaviour and the other one is extra role behaviour. The role that goes beyond and does something extra is known as OCB. According to Castro and Armario it is quite difficult to differentiate between role and the extra role performances in the organization. There are five basic personality factors which affects most of the differences in personalities. These dimensions are known as Big Five Dimensions. The dimensions are altruism, conscientiousness, courtesy, sportsmanship and civic virtue. When you help others, the helping nature or helpfulness is known as altruism. If some employee faces some difficulty in doing task and you help him in doing that, it is known as altruism. For example: helping new employees on your own and helping workers who are overloaded with work and helping employees who were absent from work for a long time or helping others who are stuck with some difficult work. It is a voluntary behaviour where an employee helps or assists another employee to get his work completed. When an employee obeys rules, procedures of the organization without taking any extra breaks and works beyond his shift hours, it is known as conscientiousness. When an employee is found to be punctual and he has a good attendance. Overall, the employee tries to gives an impression that he is a good and responsible citizen of the organization. When the employee is highly conscientious, it implies that he is highly responsible towards the organization and he does not need much supervision. The two major dimensions of OCB of altruism and conscientiousness. With the help of conscientiousness, we can understand that the employee is hardworking, goal oriented, responsible and a committed employee of the organization (Willering, 1999). Also it indicates that he is dedicated towards his job ie. he likes to work for long hours and volunteers and performs duties. When an employee does not complain and his interest is likely to be of less important than the interest of the organization is better known as sportsmanship. The employee has a willingness to tolerate all the inconveniences that come along as he works in the organization without complaining. While working in the organization, he never complains or argues about inevitable conditions that he faces. In an workplace, there might be many problems occurring, but an employee who exhibits OCB never complains of the problem rather tries to solve them as for him the interest of the organization is more important for him. So in other words, we can say, when an employee exhibits willingness to tolerate any kind of minor or temporary inconvenience without any any kind of abuse or complaint. There are some gestures that help prevent different problems from occurring. This is what is known as courtesy. Some examples of courtesy can be cited here. When some employee is in need of the work schedule, giving notice about the same to the employee prior to the start of the work or talking to other employees and consulting them before taking any final decision as the decision might affect them is a example of courtesy. Another example of courtesy is leaving the printer in good condition for the other workers to use it (Organ, 1988). When an employee contributes in the political process of the organization, it is known as civic virtue. When the employee attends meetings and expresses his opinions and views freely and discusses different kinds of issues then he is said to contribute in the political process of the organization. When the employee is actively involved and concerned about the company, then he participates in the political process of the organization. It shows the employees willingness to monitor organizations events, threats and opportunities. Conclusion: Hence it can be concluded that when an employee plays an extra role apart from the normal role it is known as OCB. Although the company should never expect the employee to exhibit OCB, but OCB is always beneficial for the survival of the company. On the other hand an employee should never exhibit OCB with the hope of being rewarded by the company. Although employees who exhibits OCB, they are always noticed and are given preferential treatment. Employees who exhibit OCB help in the growth, production and survival of the company. References: 1. Organ, D. W. (1988).Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington Books/DC Heath and Com2. Deluga, R. J. (1994). Supervisor trust building, leader member exchange and organizational citizenship behaviour.Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 67(4), 315-326.3. Smith, C. A., Organ, D. W., Near, J. P. (1983). Organizational citizenship behavior: Its nature and antecedents.Journal of applied psychology, 68(4), 653.4. Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Moorman, R. H., Fetter, R. (1990). Transformational leader behaviors and their effects on followers' trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors.The Leadership Quarterly,1(2), 107-142.5. Organ, D. W. (1990). The motivational basis of organizational citizenship behavior.Research in organizational behavior, 12(1), 43-72.6. Organ, D. W., Ryan, K. (1995). A meta analytic review of attitudinal and dispositional predictors of organizational citizenship behavior. Personnel psychology, 48(4), 775-802.7. Organ, D. W. (1997). Organizational citizenship behavior: It's construct clean-up time.Human performance, 10(2), 85-97.8. VanYperen, N. W., Berg, A. E., Willering, M. C. (1999). Towards a better understanding of the link between participation in decision making and organizational citizenship behaviour: A multilevel analysis.Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 72(3), 377-392.9. Schnake, M. E., Dumler, M. P. (2003). Levels of measurement and analysis issues in organizational citizenship behaviour research.Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 76(3), 283-301.10. LePine, J. A., Erez, A., Johnson, D. E. (2002). The nature and dimensionality of organizational citizenship behavior: a critical review and meta-analysis.Journal of applied psychology,87(1), 52.11. Van Dick, R., Grojean, M. W., Christ, O., Wieseke, J. (2006). Identity and the extra mile: Relationships between organizational identification and org anizational citizenship behaviour.British Journal of Management, 17(4), 283-301.12. Niehoff, B. P., Moorman, R. H. (1993). Justice as a mediator of the relationship between methods of monitoring and organizational citizenship behavior.Academy of Management journal, 36(3), 527-556.